My experience with rebuilt starters for other vehicles hasn't been a pleasant one.
I've went through three or four starters on an old car that I had (79 chevy) and all were rebuilt (except the first one). I went though them in a fairly short amount of time (3/4 weeks) before I found one that 'stuck'.
I wouldn't worry too much about the flexplate/flywheel being bad unless it was making noises with your old starter. . . .
So. . . if you haven't gotten too rambunctious with your 'new' bad starter AND it wasn't making noise with your old starter you should be all right.
Bench test it yes, but it might not be a bad idea to go ahead and return it and get another one even if the first one checks out. If your old starter didn't grind before it went out it is highly doubtful that anything else is damaged.
However, it would be a good ides to inspect the flywheel/flexplate through the starter hole while you've got it out. Just make sure there are no burrs or busted teeth.
It's not uncommon to get some bad rebuilt starters. It's happened to me. One of those starters was bad right out of the box. It was painted nice though

. I couldn't go anywhere, but damn that starter looked good.
Good luck.